CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
Background to the Study
Organizational
structure is the pillar or foundation on which the apex (i.e. higher authority)
of the chart and follow the organization structure this allows for management
productivity.
The
impact of mass media organization structure on the day-to-day activities of
gathering, arranging, editing, publishing and disseminating of media product to
the public differs from one media establishment to another. Whatever might be
the nature of the establishment, there must be organization structure being the
pillar on which ever establishment is to produce either goods or services at a
profit.
The
art and science of media structuring of newspaper and its management in
contemporary societies have become more challenging. The difficulty emanates
essentially from the innovative change occasioned by information and
communication technologies. This is because management is the “process of
combining and utilising or of allocation an organisation’s inputs (men,
materials machines money and manpower) by planning, organizing. Directing and
controlling for the purpose of producing outputs (goods and services or
whatsoever are) desired by customer so that the organizational objectives are
accomplished. In the process, work is performed with and through organisational
personnel in an ever – changing organisational environments. Akhator, (1997).
Print media have innate
advantage over radio and television. These advantages accrue despite the
overwhelming popularity of the electronic media and the ability to attract the
mass audience. The advantages of print media (newspaper) is reviewability, the
print media do not exist in time in the same manner as sound and motion media.
They may be previewed, scanned or reviewed at the convenience of the readers.
Akinrosoye (2011).
The analysis of journalism
practice and the media structure has become increasingly essential for the
understanding of political, economic and cultural processes in different
contemporary societies. Studies on professional journalism cultures;
individual, organizational and social levels that influence the practice of
journalism, and research on media systems.
It
is the duty of any media institution to keep the public aware of what is going
on around them by providing accurate, factual and timely information at all
times. It is also the duty of the media to warn and alert the public about
impending dangers to interpret events or provide information needed by the
public to make every day decision that will make them participate actively in
the political, economic and social activities of a community and to assist the
public in determining current trends.
Studies on media systems
and structure identifies different political, economic, social and cultural
characteristics that determine the context in which the media operate, and
their connection with journalistic work.
Based on this concern, this
research study intends to contribute to the refinement of comparative studies
on media structure and its impact on journalistic performance, considering into
the analysis, the characteristics of emerging democracies where the
specificities of the studied media systems so far are not necessarily verified
and where other relevant factors that may explain journalistic performance have
not been included into the analysis.
The complexity of the field
requires distinguishing between what the media do, the elements that identify
and characterize such media and the macrosocial context in which these media
operates.
In light of the analysis of different applications that have been
made in order to understand different media systems and structures from one
media station to the other will pose a redefinition of the structural factors
that could influence the materialization of different journalistic and media
performance around the globe, and that have to be considered when comparing
media structure. Wolfgang and Thomas, (2004).
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