CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background to the Study
Mass
media play a crucial role in fostering an environment of good governance and
political awareness in society. As the watchdog and interpreter of public
issues and events, the media has a special role in every society. In information-based
society; the media have a disproportionately visible and influential role says
International Foundation for Election Systems, (2011).
IFES
(2011) added that democracy cannot exist in the absence of the press. This is
because democracy is based on popular will and popular opinion depends on the
public’s awareness and knowledge. It is the mass media that bridges up,
promotes and propagates public awareness.
Fischer,
(2002) says the main responsibility of the press is to provide comprehensive,
analytical and factual news and opinion to the people on everyday issues and
events of popular concern. To fulfill its duty and responsibility, the press
must work according to the fundamental principles of professional ethics, as
well as norms and values of journalism.
Goodman,
(2010) opines that democracy can neither be sustainable nor strong without a
free press. On the other hand, press freedom will not be possible without
democracy. Therefore, the mass media and journalists must be committed to
democracy. For this, the press must be perpetually involved in the
establishment and promotion of a democratic culture.
The
press must remain ever vigilant to protect and enforce people’s freedom of
thought and expression and citizens’ right to all information relating to the
various aspects of their life and future.
Held,
(2006) also observes the fact that access to information is a citizen’s right
and must be taken to heart, and information must be presented in a simple and
palatable manner. Right to information is inherent in democratic functioning
and a pre-condition for good governance and the realization of all other human
rights, including education and health care. The main objectives should be the
promotion of transparency and accountability in governance so as to minimize
corruption and inefficiency in public office and to ensure the public’s
participation in governance and decision making. Media must be credible and
trustworthy. Trust is the most valuable asset for any media. Once lost, it
cannot be earned back. It is for this reason that all media must uphold their
principles to provide accurate and factual news and other programmes.
Jones,
D. W. (2001). Press must understand the difference between politics in general
and party politics. Media should not be a vehicle, or used as an advocate for any
political party or ideology. Public and political issues should be clearly
understood, analyzed and presented in an impartial manner.
During
elections/political campaigns, equal time slots or opportunity must be
allocated to each of the legitimate political parties and candidates. In the
course of elections, messages that encourage goodwill and harmony among all the
ethnic groups, religions, genders, cultures, languages, regions and communities
should be broadcast.
Media plays the role of watch-dog in
reporting corruption, complacency and negligence. In a changing, competitive
landscape, compliance to good governance has never been taken so seriously, as
people demand more transparency from both the government and private sectors.
Responsible practices from government, universal principles on human rights and
the fight against corruption have assumed great importance.
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